interfaceProperties.C

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
  =========                 |
  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
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    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
     \\/     M anipulation  |
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License
    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
 
    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.
 
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    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
    for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
#include "interfaceProperties.H"
#include "alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.H"
#include "mathematicalConstants.H"
#include "surfaceInterpolate.H"
#include "fvcDiv.H"
#include "fvcGrad.H"
#include "fvcSnGrad.H"
 
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Member Data  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
// Symbol to force loading at runtime
extern "C"
void interfacePropertiesLoad()
{}
 
 
const Foam::scalar Foam::interfaceProperties::convertToRad =
    Foam::constant::mathematical::pi/180.0;
 
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
// Correction for the boundary condition on the unit normal nHat on
// walls to produce the correct contact angle.
 
// The dynamic contact angle is calculated from the component of the
// velocity on the direction of the interface, parallel to the wall.
 
void Foam::interfaceProperties::correctContactAngle
(
    surfaceVectorField::GeometricBoundaryField& nHatb,
    surfaceVectorField::GeometricBoundaryField& gradAlphaf
) const
{
    const fvMesh& mesh = alpha1_.mesh();
    const volScalarField::GeometricBoundaryField& abf = alpha1_.boundaryField();
 
    const fvBoundaryMesh& boundary = mesh.boundary();
 
    forAll(boundary, patchi)
    {
        if (isA<alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField>(abf[patchi]))
        {
            alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField& acap =
                const_cast<alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField&>
                (
                    refCast<const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField>
                    (
                        abf[patchi]
                    )
                );
 
            fvsPatchVectorField& nHatp = nHatb[patchi];
            const scalarField theta
            (
                convertToRad*acap.theta(U_.boundaryField()[patchi], nHatp)
            );
 
            const vectorField nf
            (
                boundary[patchi].nf()
            );
 
            // Reset nHatp to correspond to the contact angle
 
            const scalarField a12(nHatp & nf);
            const scalarField b1(cos(theta));
 
            scalarField b2(nHatp.size());
            forAll(b2, facei)
            {
                b2[facei] = cos(acos(a12[facei]) - theta[facei]);
            }
 
            const scalarField det(1.0 - a12*a12);
 
            scalarField a((b1 - a12*b2)/det);
            scalarField b((b2 - a12*b1)/det);
 
            nHatp = a*nf + b*nHatp;
            nHatp /= (mag(nHatp) + deltaN_.value());
 
            acap.gradient() = (nf & nHatp)*mag(gradAlphaf[patchi]);
            acap.evaluate();
        }
    }
}
 
 
void Foam::interfaceProperties::calculateK()
{
    const fvMesh& mesh = alpha1_.mesh();
    const surfaceVectorField& Sf = mesh.Sf();
 
    // Cell gradient of alpha
    const volVectorField gradAlpha(fvc::grad(alpha1_, "nHat"));
 
    // Interpolated face-gradient of alpha
    surfaceVectorField gradAlphaf(fvc::interpolate(gradAlpha));
 
    //gradAlphaf -=
    //    (mesh.Sf()/mesh.magSf())
    //   *(fvc::snGrad(alpha1_) - (mesh.Sf() & gradAlphaf)/mesh.magSf());
 
    // Face unit interface normal
    surfaceVectorField nHatfv(gradAlphaf/(mag(gradAlphaf) + deltaN_));
    // surfaceVectorField nHatfv
    // (
    //     (gradAlphaf + deltaN_*vector(0, 0, 1)
    //    *sign(gradAlphaf.component(vector::Z)))/(mag(gradAlphaf) + deltaN_)
    // );
    correctContactAngle(nHatfv.boundaryField(), gradAlphaf.boundaryField());
 
    // Face unit interface normal flux
    nHatf_ = nHatfv & Sf;
 
    // Simple expression for curvature
    K_ = -fvc::div(nHatf_);
 
    // Complex expression for curvature.
    // Correction is formally zero but numerically non-zero.
    /*
    volVectorField nHat(gradAlpha/(mag(gradAlpha) + deltaN_));
    forAll(nHat.boundaryField(), patchi)
    {
        nHat.boundaryField()[patchi] = nHatfv.boundaryField()[patchi];
    }
 
    K_ = -fvc::div(nHatf_) + (nHat & fvc::grad(nHatfv) & nHat);
    */
}
 
 
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
Foam::interfaceProperties::interfaceProperties
(
    const volScalarField& alpha1,
    const volVectorField& U,
    const IOdictionary& dict
)
:
    transportPropertiesDict_(dict),
    cAlpha_
    (
        readScalar
        (
            alpha1.mesh().solverDict(alpha1.name()).lookup("cAlpha")
        )
    ),
    sigma_("sigma", dimensionSet(1, 0, -2, 0, 0), dict),
 
    deltaN_
    (
        "deltaN",
        1e-8/pow(average(alpha1.mesh().V()), 1.0/3.0)
    ),
 
    alpha1_(alpha1),
    U_(U),
 
    nHatf_
    (
        IOobject
        (
            "nHatf",
            alpha1_.time().timeName(),
            alpha1_.mesh()
        ),
        alpha1_.mesh(),
        dimensionedScalar("nHatf", dimArea, 0.0)
    ),
 
    K_
    (
        IOobject
        (
            "interfaceProperties:K",
            alpha1_.time().timeName(),
            alpha1_.mesh()
        ),
        alpha1_.mesh(),
        dimensionedScalar("K", dimless/dimLength, 0.0)
    )
{
    calculateK();
}
 
 
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::interfaceProperties::surfaceTensionForce() const
{
    return fvc::interpolate(sigmaK())*fvc::snGrad(alpha1_);
}
 
 
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::interfaceProperties::nearInterface() const
{
    return pos(alpha1_ - 0.01)*pos(0.99 - alpha1_);
}
 
 
bool Foam::interfaceProperties::read()
{
    alpha1_.mesh().solverDict(alpha1_.name()).lookup("cAlpha") >> cAlpha_;
    transportPropertiesDict_.lookup("sigma") >> sigma_;
 
    return true;
}
 
 
// ************************************************************************* //